Thanks for the explanation which fits the QSO initial stage well. I was calling CQ with antenna pointed to Europe. WU6X answered from a bearing of 270 degrees - exactly off the side of the 3 el yagi at 12M. I promptly realigned the yagi towards him.

@irad d yes and no. When I first set it up, I selected tcp in both applications. In n1mm+ I did not check the udp box because I was trying tcp which gave those messages. As you suggested, I changed vara-hf to udp but forgot what I had (not) done in n1mm+. So after the storms cleared out this morning, I went back and checked the udp box in n1mm+ and tried udp again in vara-hf. I have had two QSO's and both logged correctly without error. Thank you!

Thank you! When I try UDP, nothing happens in N1MM+. 😫 There is no log entry, and there is no N1MM+ error message. Sorry. 73 de ke5c op john

Got another one today - 4 PSK?

So I got a terse response from N1MM+ "Based on the error messages, Vara is using the WSJT-N1MM interface to log QSO's in N1MM. We do not support that. You will have to work with the Vara developer." I want to respond asking why they talked about the WSJT setup in their documentation if not supported, but what's the point if there is no interest there. This is just not a big deal and I was just reporting it in case it matters to anyone. 73 de ke5c op john

Thank you! Now I know to Google for "modulation constellation pattern". It's frustrating that so many results are on pay to read sites like IEEEE, Science Direct, Nature, etc., but it is what it is. 73, john, ke5c

Which band is used for the Sunday net? If 14, 21, or 28, where is net control located (for antenna direction)?